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In Chad, Sudan, South Sudan, households reducing meals as coping capacity collapses

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Collapse in Coping capacity in Chad, Sudan, South Sudan has forced many households to be drastically reducing meals.

A survey by Norwegian Refugee Council showdd that in Chad, more than 70 per cent of households reported reducing meals in the past month, rising to over 80 per cent in Sudan and nearly universal levels in South Sudan. In Egypt, 75 per cent of households are also reducing or skipping meals, showing that food insecurity extends beyond frontline displacement settings.

At the same time, income opportunities have all but disappeared, Jan Egeland, Secretary General of NRC said. “In Chad, 90 per cent of women-headed households reported having no work. Without income, even basic needs such as water have become unaffordable. While more refugees in Egypt and Libya report having some form of income, the majority rely on irregular or informal work.

“We are living a very hard life – no food, no education, no shelter. Everything is difficult, and our children are losing hope for the future,” a displaced woman in Sudan said.>

Families described severe shortages and reduced aid distributions, with some reporting receiving minimal food rations insufficient to last a full month.

Basic needs collapsing: water, sanitation and dignity

The crisis is disproportionately affecting women and children. In Sudan, Chad and South Sudan, 20 per cent of women have no access to a toilet or latrine; that is three times more than men. Women and girls often travel long distances to fetch water, facing harassment and violence along the way.

“The issue of water is difficult right now. I urge organisations to support water projects,” a female refugee in South Sudan said.

The cumulative weight of hunger, displacement and loss is a collapse in people’s ability to live with dignity. Only a fraction of displaced families feels their current living conditions allow them to live with dignity: as low as 15 per cent in Sudan, rising to 25 per cent in Chad and 43 per cent in South Sudan.

Children are also at heightened risk. Across the three countries, 18 per cent of households reported sending children to work in the past month. Hunger and family separation compound this further. In Chad, family separation triples the risk of child marriage and nearly doubles child labour, while instability is driving widespread psychological distress.

Exhaustion after repeated displacement

Many families have been displaced multiple times, compounding their losses and increasing levels of exhaustion. Those displaced repeatedly are significantly more likely to report feeling “at their limit”.

Despite this, displaced people continue to support each other where they can. In Sudan and Chad, around one in three people receiving aid reported still helping others, often by sharing their own limited food supplies.

Neighbouring countries are under growing pressure. Chad hosts more than 900,000 Sudanese refugees, while South Sudan is hosting over 600,000 despite facing its own humanitarian crisis. Egypt, having received 1.5 million people, and Libya more than half a million, offer relatively greater access to work and services, but many refugees remain excluded from formal systems, face documentation challenges, and struggle to access stable income.

Across the region, the crisis is no longer defined only by displacement but by the erosion of resilience among both displaced people and host communities.

“What we are seeing is not just a humanitarian crisis, but a collapse of survival systems,” said Egeland. “Communities that have shared everything for three years have been pushed beyond their limits.”

Since April 2023, NRC has supported over 5.5 million people across Sudan and neighbouring countries including South Sudan, Chad, Egypt, Ethiopia, Libya and Uganda. However, access challenges, insecurity and funding constraints are limiting the scale and speed of the response. NRC is calling for urgent international action to scale up support to Sudan and the wider region.

“Ordinary people have done the extraordinary: sharing their food and shelter when they had almost none. It is time for a bystanding world to match local solidarity with international action by scaling up funding for life-saving aid while pushing much harder for diplomatic solutions that can end the senseless violence,” said Egeland.

Key findings:

NRC conducted a survey of 1,293 refugee and displaced households across Chad (644 households), Sudan (472 households), and South Sudan (177 households), held in March 2026, capturing both quantitative and qualitative data on food security, livelihoods, protection risks, and access to basic services. A separate needs assessment of 694 households was conducted in Egypt. Findings from Libya draw on REACH’s Multi-Sector Needs Monitoring assessment. All households were drawn from displacement-affected populations, including camp and settlement settings.

  • Over 90% of families in South Sudan, 80% in Sudan, 75% in Egypt and 70% in Chad are reducing or skipping meals, nearly universal hunger across the region
  • 74% of households in Sudan, South Sudan and Chad have no income whatsoever
  • In Chad, 9 in 10 women-headed households have no income
  • 65% are separated from family members; 90% have lost their homes
  • Displaced families describe extreme exhaustion, fear and deep uncertainty, with 39% in South Sudan saying they do not know what the future holds
  • Across the three countries, only 15% of families in Sudan, 25% in Chad and 43% in South Sudan feel their living conditions allow them to live with dignity 
  • 18% of households have been compelled to send children to work; family separation triples the risk of child marriage in Chad and nearly doubles child labour
  • 20% of women in Sudan, Chad and South Sudan have no access to any toilet or latrine, three times more than men 
  • Only 45% of children in displacement have regular access to education, with nearly one in five having none at all 

Despite this: 

  • In Sudan and Chad, nearly 1 in 3 people receiving aid are still sharing what they have with others. Mutual solidarity, built on food-sharing among people going hungry themselves, has been the invisible backbone of this response 

Across the wider region (Egypt and Libya): 

  • While refugees in Egypt and Libya report higher employment and better services, most remain in precarious informal work; 9 in 10 in Egypt lack identity documents; in Libya, 54% of children are out of school 

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Ebola : la RDC confirme 10 000 cas, le NRC appelle à un renforcement urgent de la réponse

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Le Conseil norvégien pour les réfugiés (NRC) a appelé à un renforcement urgent des efforts humanitaires en République démocratique du Congo (RDC), après la confirmation de plus de 10 000 cas dans le cadre de l’épidémie en cours due au virus Bundibugyo.

L’épidémie a touché huit provinces du pays, exerçant une pression considérable sur des communautés déjà confrontées à une crise humanitaire prolongée. Elle est principalement concentrée dans l’est de la RDC, tandis que des signalements récents de cas au Kenya et au Nigeria suscitent des inquiétudes quant à une éventuelle propagation régionale.

Près de 5 000 décès auraient été confirmés en RDC seulement.

Cette épidémie survient dans un contexte de crise humanitaire persistante dans l’est de la RDC, où les violences, les déplacements forcés et l’accès limité aux services essentiels ont rendu de nombreuses communautés particulièrement vulnérables.

Le NRC, qui intervient dans le pays depuis plus de deux décennies, participe à la réponse à l’épidémie d’Ebola, notamment dans la province de l’Ituri, l’une des régions les plus touchées.

L’organisation appelle à une action durable et coordonnée afin de protéger les communautés, d’améliorer l’accès aux services essentiels et de répondre aux besoins des personnes affectées à la fois par l’épidémie et les déplacements de population.

« Lors de mes déplacements en Ituri, je constate à quel point la maladie frappe durement les communautés, et je suis frappée par l’ampleur des efforts supplémentaires nécessaires pour maîtriser cette épidémie », a déclaré Silvia Beccacece, responsable de l’équipe d’urgence du NRC.

« Depuis des années, les familles d’ici luttent contre les conséquences des violences extrêmes, des déplacements forcés et du manque de services essentiels. Ebola vient s’ajouter à ces difficultés, alors que beaucoup ont déjà épuisé leurs capacités à faire face à cette nouvelle épreuve.

« Il est clair que la réponse apportée est loin d’être proportionnelle à l’ampleur considérable de l’épidémie », a-t-elle ajouté.

Le NRC a souligné que la lutte contre Ebola nécessite une étroite coopération entre les autorités sanitaires, les organisations humanitaires, les groupes communautaires et les partenaires internationaux.

L’organisation a également appelé à mettre les communautés touchées au centre des interventions et à tenir compte des coutumes et traditions locales.

Elle a exhorté les bailleurs de fonds et les partenaires à accroître les financements et le soutien aux opérations humanitaires en RDC, en particulier dans les zones affectées par l’épidémie et les déplacements de population.

« La confirmation de 10 000 cas doit servir de signal d’alarme : la réponse actuelle ne parvient pas à prendre de l’avance sur l’épidémie et ne fournit pas aux communautés le soutien dont elles ont besoin pour maîtriser la transmission du virus », a déclaré Beccacece.

« Les signes avant-coureurs sont visibles de tous. Tout dépend désormais de la volonté des dirigeants d’en tenir compte et de prendre les mesures nécessaires », a-t-elle ajouté.

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Ebola:DRC confirms 10,000 cases, NRC seeks scale-up

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The Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) has called for an urgent expansion of humanitarian efforts in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DR Congo), following the confirmation of more than 10,000 cases in the ongoing Bundibugyo virus outbreak.

The outbreak has affected eight provinces in the country, placing enormous pressure on communities already struggling with a prolonged humanitarian crisis. The epidemic is concentrated in eastern DR Congo, while reports of recent cases in Kenya and Nigeria have raised concerns about a possible regional spread.

Nearly 5,000 deaths have reportedly been confirmed in DR Congo alone.

The outbreak comes amid a long-running humanitarian crisis in eastern DR Congo, where violence, forced displacement and limited access to essential services have left many communities vulnerable.

The NRC, which has operated in the country for more than two decades, is participating in the Ebola response, including in Ituri province, one of the areas most affected by the outbreak.

The organisation is urging sustained and coordinated action to protect communities, improve access to essential services and address the needs of people affected by both the outbreak and displacement.

“As I move around Ituri, I’m seeing just how hard the disease is hitting communities, and I am struck by how much more needs to be done to bring this outbreak under control,” said Silvia Beccacece, NRC’s emergency team leader.

“Families here have been struggling for years as a result of extreme violence, forced displacement, and the lack of essential services. Ebola comes on top of that, at a point where many have exhausted their ability to cope with the additional challenge it brings.

“The fact remains that this response is in no way proportionate to the vast scale of the outbreak,” she added.

The NRC stressed that combating Ebola requires close cooperation among health authorities, humanitarian organisations, community-based groups and international partners.

It also called for a response that places affected communities at the centre of interventions and takes local customs and traditions into account.

The organisation urged donors and partners to increase funding and support for humanitarian operations in DR Congo, particularly in areas affected by the outbreak and displacement.

“10,000 confirmed cases must be a wake-up call that this response is not getting ahead of the outbreak, and is not supporting communities with what they need to bring transmission under control,” Beccacece said.

“The warning signs are here for all to see: now it depends on whether leaders will take notice and take the required action,” she added.

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Libye : des centaines de migrants rapatriés, des renforts déployés à Tobrouk

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Le Département libyen de lutte contre la migration illégale (DCIM) a rapatrié ou transféré des centaines de migrants en vue de leur rapatriement depuis des centres de détention situés dans l’est du pays, tout en déployant des unités de renfort à Tobrouk afin de renforcer les opérations de lutte contre la migration irrégulière.

Ces informations ont été rapportées dans une série de publications sur X par Migrant Rescue Watch.

Le 15 octobre 2026, le DCIM a déployé des unités de renfort à Tobrouk pour soutenir sa branche locale dans la lutte contre la migration irrégulière dans la ville et les zones environnantes relevant de sa compétence.

Le même jour, l’agence a rapatrié sept migrants égyptiens détenus au centre de détention pour migrants de l’est de Tripoli, à Tajoura, via l’aéroport international de Mitiga, à Tripoli, selon Migrant Rescue Watch.

La veille, le 14 octobre, le DCIM de Tobrouk avait rapatrié ou transféré 209 migrants en vue de leur rapatriement. Les ressortissants égyptiens ont été renvoyés par le poste-frontière terrestre d’Emsaed, tandis que les autres migrants ont été transférés au centre de détention pour migrants de Quanafudah en vue de leur rapatriement.

Lors d’une opération distincte menée le 28 septembre, l’agence a transféré 297 migrants de différentes nationalités du centre de détention pour migrants de Tobrouk vers celui de Quanafudah, à Benghazi, en vue de leur rapatriement.

Le DCIM a également rapatrié ou transféré 250 migrants de différentes nationalités depuis le centre de détention pour migrants de Shahat le même jour, selon les publications.

Les rapports n’ont pas précisé les nationalités de l’ensemble des migrants concernés ni fourni davantage de détails sur leur situation et les modalités de leur retour.

Ces opérations interviennent dans un contexte de poursuite des mesures de contrôle migratoire dans l’est de la Libye, où les autorités continuent de procéder au transfert et au rapatriement de migrants détenus dans différents centres de rétention.

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