Features
Stop the shootings at sea, Alarm Phone tells Libyan forces
In the early afternoon of 12 October 2025, Alarm Phone was called by a group of approximately 100-150 people who were trying to escape from Libya on a fishing vessel. They repeatedly told us that they were being shot at with live ammunition by an unidentified vessel. They identified the perpetrators as a Libyan militia. Their GPS position at 13:30h CEST showed them in international waters, in the Maltese search and rescue zone (N34 50, E015 54).
Although we alerted European authorities to the distressed boat, including authorities in Italy and Malta, they failed to act. For over 12 hours, no coastguard vessel or any other asset came to rescue or assist the attacked group. Given the failure to intervene, the attack on the migrant boat could continue unhindered. For hours, the people on board reported that the militia group remained in their vicinity, continuously attacking and shooting them. In the afternoon, the people also reported that the milita forces were ramming their boat, risking that it would capsize.
We then lost contact to the boat on October 13 in the morning and learned later that they were rescued by the Italian coastguard. However, one person has a bullet lodged in their skull and is in a coma, while at least two others have been severely injured. We hope that all will survive.
We are appalled by yet another border crime in the central Mediterranean Sea. While we cannot verify the actor that attacked the escaping migrant group, this behaviour indicates that it may well be the Libyan milita, as identified by the people on board. This behaviour aligns with behaviour we have witnessed time and again in the central Mediterranean context: Libya actors chasing after boats, trying to prevent them from reaching safety. With the support of the EU and its member states, the Libyan militias have turned into a brutal border force that acts with aggression and impunity at sea.
At the same time, European actors continuously fail to render timely assistance, leaving people at risk of drowning and of being killed by Libyan forces. Both the Maltese and the Italian authorities bear responsibility – on the one hand, for outsourcing border control to Libya and, on the other, for routinely violating the laws of the sea.
We call for an investigation into this case – stop the impunity of state actors in the Mediterranean! Stop collaborations with militia forces and end the Memorandum of Understanding between Italy and Libya!
Timeline
12 October 2025
13:20 CEST on 12 October 2025: First call from the people on the boat. The Alarm Phone shift hears screams. People are in panic. They call for help and report the presence of a “militia”. They read out a GPS position, but we can only understand parts of it. The call breaks.
14:20 A relative of the people on the boat forwards their position – read as N 34 50 000 E015 54 000. The relative says that the position is about 1 hour old and adds that the boat is being shot at by the Libyan Coastguard in the Maltese Search and Rescue Zone.
14:34 Alarm Phone alerts JRCC Malta and MRCC Rome via E-Mail to the boat in distress and share information on the attack on the people on the move in the Maltese Search and Rescue zone.
14:49 Alarm Phone tweets: “SOS in the #CentralMed! We are in contact with a boat in the Maltese SAR zone and people report they are being shot at by the so-called Libyan Coastguard right now! This violent attack must stop immediately. EU authorities must intervene and ensure a rescue to a place of safety!” https://x.com/alarm_phone/status/1977355929663221845
15:11 We call JRCC Malta. The officer on the phone notes down the provided information and states that he would forward it to the officer on duty.
15:18 We call MRCC Rome. The officer on the phone confirms that they received our alert and are in contact with JRCC Malta. The officer does not specify whether or how the Italian authorities will act.
15:25 The people in distress call again and report three persons are wounded and one person deceased. They add that the militia is still following them.
15:36 We update both the Maltese and Italian authorities about the situation on board.
15:38 We call MRCC Rome. The officer on the phone refuses to provide information.
15:43 We call JRCC Malta. The officer on the phone refuses to provide information.
15:53 The people in distress call again. They are panicking, saying that they are dying and and that they urgently need assistance.
16:19 The people in distress state that a fourth personis wounded and that the Libyan militia keeps shooting at them. The people add that their boat is moving but very slowly.
16.24 We tweet: “One person is reportedly dead, three are injured. Militias are still near the boat and shooting at them. Authorities are not of any help. The EU has to immediately stop the cooperation with the so-called Libyan Coastguard!” https://x.com/alarm_phone/status/1977379815893135551?s=19
16:30 We try to reach the so-called Libyan Coast Guard via phone, to request them to stop the shooting. We call eight different phone numbers of the Libyan coastguard – none of which work.
16:59 We try to reach the emergency line of the merchant vessel Stoic Warrior (IMO: 1028762), which is near the boat in distress. The line does not work due to technical issues.
17:21 The people in distress report that the Libyan ship is ramming them with their boat.
17:48 We inform both Maltese and Italian authorities via another email about the violence at sea: “Dear officer on duty, We were again on the phone with the people on the boat in the Maltese SAR zone. According to the people on the phone, there is one more person wounded, so at this point, there are four people wounded and one person dead. The people report that there is still one boat from the Libyan militias there, shooting at them and hitting them with their boat. The people on the boat fear for their lives. We urgently ask you to intervene, stop the killing and bring the people to safety, before more people die. Thank you for your attention”
18.08 We tweet: “URGENT UPDATE The people on the boat are still without assistance but the attacks continue. They report that the so-called Libyan Coast Guard is now ramming their boat. We urge an immediate end to this aggression and demand rescue!” https://x.com/alarm_phone/status/1977405965826986471
19:29 Merchant vessel Souselas (IMO 9394234) is close to the boat and may be able to provide support. We try to contact the company.
21:36 the aerial asset of Frontex, Eagle 3, is orbiting at 35.232°, 16.047°, which is near the current position of the boat
22:25 We call JRCC Malta but they mailbox is not reachable.
22:27 We call JRCC Malta but a voice says “the number that you have dialed does not exist.”
22:29 We call JRCC Malta and are placed on hold. We do not get through.
22:35 We call JRCC Malta, a voice says “thank you for calling Joint operation center”, then music. We do not get through.
13 October 2025
05:34 Airplane Eagle3 is flying again, also approaching the boat in distress, at 35.603°, 15.581°
06:40 The people call and give a new position N3558 E1544. They report a second person died, there are still wounded people. They see a plane above them.
08:18 A mayday relay is sent by airplane Eagle3
Alarm Phone cannot reach the group again
13:00 The people disembark in Pozzallo, Italy. They were rescued but several people are severely wounded by gunshots.
Features
UN appoints new senior leadership for UNHCR
The United Nations has announced a new set of senior appointments to the leadership of the UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR), with Secretary-General António Guterres naming Tressa Rae Finerty as Deputy High Commissioner for Refugees, Antón Leis García as Assistant High Commissioner for Operations, and Edem Wosornu as Assistant High Commissioner for Protection.
The appointments, announced on Saturday, are expected to take effect in the coming weeks.
The three officials will occupy the most senior positions within UNHCR, supporting the High Commissioner in leading the agency’s global response to the protection and assistance of refugees, stateless persons and other people forced to flee their homes.
Welcoming the appointments, UN High Commissioner for Refugees Barham Salih expressed confidence that the incoming officials would strengthen the agency’s response to the growing global displacement crisis.
“I warmly welcome these appointments and look forward to working closely with Tressa, Anton and Edem,” Salih said.
“Their leadership, experience and commitment will be invaluable as UNHCR responds to displacement challenges around the world. Together, we will work to continue strengthening protection, expanding opportunities for self-reliance and pursuing lasting solutions that help refugees rebuild their lives with dignity.”
Finerty, a career member of the U.S. Senior Foreign Service, currently serves as Chargé d’Affaires at the United States Mission to the United Nations and Other International Organizations in Geneva. She previously served as Deputy Chief of Mission in Geneva and Deputy Executive Secretary in the Office of the U.S. Secretary of State. Her diplomatic career has also included postings at the U.S. Mission to the United Nations in New York and embassies in Malaysia, Iraq, Armenia and Thailand. In addition, she has taught refugee policy at New York University and Georgetown University.
Leis García currently heads the Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation (AECID), Spain’s development and humanitarian agency. He has previously held senior positions at the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the Office of the President of the Spanish Government, and international financial institutions including the African Development Bank and the World Bank Group.
Wosornu currently serves as Director of the Crisis Response Division at the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) and chairs the Inter-Agency Standing Committee Emergency Directors Group. She has held several senior headquarters and field positions within OCHA and began her United Nations career as an intern at UNHCR before working in the private legal sector in the United Kingdom.
The newly appointed officials will replace Kelly T. Clements, Deputy High Commissioner; Raouf Mazou, Assistant High Commissioner for Operations; and Ruvendrini Menikdiwela, Assistant High Commissioner for Protection, whose terms are coming to an end.
Paying tribute to the outgoing leaders, Salih praised their contributions to the agency’s humanitarian mission.
“The organization owes a profound debt of gratitude to Kelly, Raouf and Ruven for their exceptional service and dedication,” he said. “Their leadership has strengthened UNHCR’s ability to protect and assist millions of displaced and stateless people around the world.”
Features
Sixth batch of Nigerians stranded in South Africa return home
The final batch of 40 stranded Nigerians evacuated from South Africa has arrived at the Murtala Muhammed International Airport (MMIA) in Lagos, bringing to a close the Federal Government’s evacuation exercise that returned a total of 1,174 citizens.
The returnees landed on Friday night aboard a chartered Air Peace flight, marking the sixth and final phase of the evacuation programme.
In a statement issued on Saturday, the Director of Media, Public Relations and Protocols of the Nigerians in Diaspora Commission (NiDCOM), Abdur-Rahman Balogun, said the exercise was carried out through six flights operated by Air Peace and ValueJet.
According to the commission, the first five batches brought home 258, 266, 262, 282 and 66 Nigerians, while the final chartered Air Peace flight evacuated the remaining 40 stranded citizens.
Balogun said the returnees expressed appreciation to President Bola Tinubu for approving the evacuation from South Africa. They also thanked the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Bianca Odumegwu-Ojukwu, the Acting Nigerian Ambassador to South Africa, Temitope Alexander-Ajayi, and NiDCOM Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Abike Dabiri-Erewa, for facilitating their safe return.
The evacuees were received at the airport by NiDCOM officials, who also announced a series of support packages from government agencies, corporate organisations and individuals.
According to the statement, Governor Hope Uzodimma of Imo State approved a grant of N1 million for each returnee from the state. Telecommunications company MTN also donated free SIM packs with N50,000 worth of data and pledged to credit each returnee’s bank account with N100,000.
Officials from the Edo and Delta State governments similarly announced assistance for their indigenes among the evacuees.
The commission added that the JAAL Foundation pledged empowerment support for 50 female returnees, while the General Overseer of Omega Power Ministries Worldwide, Apostle Dr Chibuzor Gift Chinwe, was commended for providing free accommodation for about 52 returnees, skills acquisition opportunities for their families and free education for their children up to university level.
The returnees also acknowledged Pastor Bolaji Idowu of Harvesters Church for donating N100,000 each to 66 evacuees, while real estate firm Cruxstone provided financial support to the first batch of returnees.
Balogun said officials of the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA), the National Commission for Refugees, Migrants and Internally Displaced Persons (NCFRMI), the Nigerian Immigration Service (NIS), the Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria (FAAN), the National Identity Management Commission (NIMC) and other security agencies were present at the airport to receive and document the returnees.
“The returnees were full of gratitude for the donations, support and warm welcome received,” the statement said.
Features
EU Pact offers hope for better migration management and fairer asylum systems- IOM, UNHCR
The UN Refugee Agency, UNHCR, and the UN Migration Agency, IOM have welcomed the entry into force today of the European Union’s Pact on Migration and Asylum as an opportunity to move beyond crisis-driven responses and implement a more predictable, fair and effective approach to the issues across Europe.
EU Member States should seize this moment to strengthen migration management and refugee protection while advancing solidarity and responsibility-sharing in line with European values and international obligations, the agencies’ chiefs said.
“The Pact’s entry into full effect today is an important step toward a more predictable and coherent European migration system. What matters now is steady implementation over time that is effective, humane, sustainably resourced and grounded in cooperation,” said Amy Pope, Director General of the International Organization for Migration. “The priority is turning the reforms into practical results for States, communities, and people on the move.”
The Pact aims to make EU asylum systems more efficient and consistent, offering a structured framework for Member State cooperation. This can reduce backlogs while maintaining the quality of assessments, provide greater certainty for asylum-seekers, and enable refugees to begin rebuilding their lives and contributing to their communities sooner.
“This Pact is an important step in the right direction, advancing shared responsibility and more predictable, sustainable approaches across the European Union,” said Barham Salih, UN High Commissioner for Refugees. “UNHCR stands ready to support all Member States in strengthening asylum systems – ensuring access to protection for those in need, upholding human rights and dignity, and enabling safe, lawful and dignified returns for those not in need of international protection.”
IOM and UNHCR welcome the EU’s renewed focus on partnerships with all affected countries. Reducing irregular movements means addressing root causes, ensuring access to protection, tackling smuggling networks, and enabling safe, regular pathways. The organizations will continue to support route-based approaches that ensure policies deliver on protection, dignity and shared responsibility, while contributing to sustainable solutions that benefit both countries and communities along migration routes.
UNHCR and IOM welcome several key elements of the Pact, including earlier identification of people with specific needs, strengthened legal assistance, and new independent monitoring mechanisms at external borders. Returns of those with no legal right to stay must be both effective and humane. Alongside enforcement, they should ensure access to informed voluntary return, early case management, and reintegration support, working with countries of origin, transit and first asylum as part of a balanced approach that upholds dignity and fundamental rights.
These measures can help ensure that asylum processing and return procedures are faster and fairer, reducing uncertainty for asylum-seekers while strengthening public confidence in the migration and asylum system.
UNHCR and IOM stress that implementation will be the decisive test. Procedures must be carried out with adequate safeguards to ensure that no one is returned or transferred to a situation where they may face persecution, conflict or other forms of serious harm.
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