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AU, COP30 Special Envoy for Africa, IOM issue joint statement on climate mobility in Africa at COP30
Africa stands at a pivotal moment in the global climate agenda and faces a critical challenge. While contributing the least to global greenhouse gas emissions, it bears a disproportionate burden of climate impacts – droughts, floods, desertification, and rising sea levels that are already displacing communities, destroying livelihoods, and straining public infrastructure.
Recognizing the increasing frequency and severity of climate-induced disasters, the Africa climate change policy position is unequivocal that adaptation and resilience are indispensable. These disasters result in unprecedented devastation to livelihoods, infrastructure, and development gains, exacerbating existing vulnerabilities, and hindering sustainable growth across the continent.
With abundant natural resources, a young and dynamic workforce, and vast renewable energy potential, the continent is uniquely positioned to lead the global green transition. Its solar, wind, and hydro resources can power not only its own development but also contribute to global decarbonization efforts. With over 60 per cent of its population under the age of 25, Africa’s demographic dividend offers a powerful engine for innovation, entrepreneurship, and inclusive growth.
The Scale of the Challenge
The numbers tell a stark story. Disasters triggered almost 8.4 million new internal displacements in Africa and the Middle East in 2024. The IPCC projects that with a 2.5°C temperature increase by 2050, internal migration in sub-Saharan Africa alone could reach between 56 and 86 million people. Without drastic action, up to 216 million internal climate migrants could be displaced globally by 2050.
The impacts fall hardest on those least prepared – migrants, people displaced within and across borders, pastoralists, and populations unable or unwilling to move. Their ability to recover depends on their resilience, adaptive capacities, and the opportunities they are provided.
Africa’s Response
The African Union has responded through key frameworks including Agenda 2063, the African Union Climate Change and Resilient Development Strategy, and ongoing work on an AU Strategy and Declaration on Migration and Climate Change, informed by the Kampala Ministerial Declaration on Migration, Environment and Climate Change. These frameworks recognize that human mobility is central to Africa’s climate, security, and development landscape.
At the heart of Africa’s response is the need to scale up climate adaptation and ensure that human mobility is anchored within national policies. This means allowing populations to move safely and regularly toward adaptation opportunities – not only as a last resort. Of the 22 African countries that have submitted National Adaptation Plans, 18 include references to human mobility, demonstrating growing recognition of this critical link.
Reframing Mobility as Adaptation
Human mobility is too often seen only as a crisis response. Yet when movement is voluntary, safe, and orderly, it can be a powerful form of adaptation. Approximately 80 per cent of migrants from Africa remain in the region, providing the continent with great opportunities for regional integration and labour mobility. Migration can serve as a vital enabler of sustainable development, facilitating the transfer of skills, diversifying livelihoods, and strengthening regional economies.
When governed effectively, migration fosters household and community resilience, facilitates access to income and services, and supports the regional exchange of knowledge and labour. As natural resource-based livelihoods become more uncertain, voluntary migration increasingly becomes an option that households and communities consider.
Support for policies that enable safe, orderly, and rights-based mobility – such as the African Union’s Protocol on Free Movement of Persons and the Migration Policy Framework for Africa – can strengthen people’s resilience and help African governments realize their national development potential.
The Just Transition Imperative
Human mobility is also critical to ensuring just transitions. Labour migration enables workers to diversify their income sources, and remittances improve financial stability and help families adapt. As African economies shift toward low-carbon and climate-resilient pathways, it is essential that vulnerable groups – including women, migrants, displaced persons, and mobile workers – are included in workforce transitions and benefit from safe migration pathways, social protection, and decent work.
This requires integrating mobility considerations into national just transition frameworks, promoting safe and rights-based migration pathways, and supporting skills development and labour mobility as part of green economy transitions.
Call to Action: Three Priority Areas for COP30
Ahead of COP30, we call for strengthened implementation across three critical areas:
Integrating Human Mobility into Climate Finance
Climate finance mechanisms must explicitly address human mobility. The Baku to Belém Roadmap should double adaptation finance for vulnerable groups, recognizing that as temperatures continue to rise, adaptation needs will accelerate correspondingly. African countries and communities must have access to the Fund for Responding to Loss and Damage for mobility solutions.
Adaptation and loss and damage finance should support human mobility both prospectively and retrospectively through earmarked funding. The participation of migrants, displaced persons, and refugees in the work of the Fund’s Board must be encouraged. Technical assistance from the Santiago Network on Loss and Damage is essential to strengthen capacities in addressing displacement, migration, and planned relocation.
1. Integrating Human Mobility into Climate Finance
Climate finance mechanisms must explicitly address human mobility. The Baku to Belém Roadmap should double adaptation finance for vulnerable groups, recognizing that as temperatures continue to rise, adaptation needs will accelerate correspondingly. African countries and communities must have access to the Fund for Responding to Loss and Damage for mobility solutions.
Adaptation and loss and damage finance should support human mobility both prospectively and retrospectively through earmarked funding. The participation of migrants, displaced persons, and refugees in the work of the Fund’s Board must be encouraged. Technical assistance from the Santiago Network on Loss and Damage is essential to strengthen capacities in addressing displacement, migration, and planned relocation.
2. Accelerating Adaptation
Human mobility considerations must be mainstreamed within the National Adaptation Plan process, prioritizing risk reduction and early warning measures that enhance climate-resilient development and offer people the choice to stay with dignity and safely.
More finance must flow to Africa to facilitate climate mobility as adaptation, especially as countries struggle under debt burdens and high capital costs. As experts finalize indicators under the Global Goal on Adaptation at COP30, including human mobility considerations and references to migrants and displaced people can enhance positive migration outcomes for communities in both sending and receiving areas.
3. Strengthening Solidarity on Just Transitions
A just transition requires ambitious Nationally Determined Contributions, investment in decent work for both male and female migrant workers, and alignment of climate action with peacebuilding and migration governance. As the Just Transition Work Programme concludes, it must ensure the inclusion of labour migration, migrant workers’ rights across all sectors and skill levels, skills development, and the positive contributions of migrants and diaspora.
A Vision for the Future
These priorities align strongly with the COP30 Presidency’s Belém Action Agenda, which emphasizes inclusive, equity-driven transitions, scaled-up adaptation efforts, and support for vulnerable groups.
Africa is leading with clarity of vision and purpose. Its communities, governments, and youth are already crafting solutions that blend local knowledge with regional cooperation and global collaboration. As climate mobility becomes an increasingly pressing reality, COP30 presents both a critical opportunity and a responsibility – to match Africa’s leadership with concrete commitment and action.
The time to act is now.
Features
UN appoints new senior leadership for UNHCR
The United Nations has announced a new set of senior appointments to the leadership of the UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR), with Secretary-General António Guterres naming Tressa Rae Finerty as Deputy High Commissioner for Refugees, Antón Leis García as Assistant High Commissioner for Operations, and Edem Wosornu as Assistant High Commissioner for Protection.
The appointments, announced on Saturday, are expected to take effect in the coming weeks.
The three officials will occupy the most senior positions within UNHCR, supporting the High Commissioner in leading the agency’s global response to the protection and assistance of refugees, stateless persons and other people forced to flee their homes.
Welcoming the appointments, UN High Commissioner for Refugees Barham Salih expressed confidence that the incoming officials would strengthen the agency’s response to the growing global displacement crisis.
“I warmly welcome these appointments and look forward to working closely with Tressa, Anton and Edem,” Salih said.
“Their leadership, experience and commitment will be invaluable as UNHCR responds to displacement challenges around the world. Together, we will work to continue strengthening protection, expanding opportunities for self-reliance and pursuing lasting solutions that help refugees rebuild their lives with dignity.”
Finerty, a career member of the U.S. Senior Foreign Service, currently serves as Chargé d’Affaires at the United States Mission to the United Nations and Other International Organizations in Geneva. She previously served as Deputy Chief of Mission in Geneva and Deputy Executive Secretary in the Office of the U.S. Secretary of State. Her diplomatic career has also included postings at the U.S. Mission to the United Nations in New York and embassies in Malaysia, Iraq, Armenia and Thailand. In addition, she has taught refugee policy at New York University and Georgetown University.
Leis García currently heads the Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation (AECID), Spain’s development and humanitarian agency. He has previously held senior positions at the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the Office of the President of the Spanish Government, and international financial institutions including the African Development Bank and the World Bank Group.
Wosornu currently serves as Director of the Crisis Response Division at the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) and chairs the Inter-Agency Standing Committee Emergency Directors Group. She has held several senior headquarters and field positions within OCHA and began her United Nations career as an intern at UNHCR before working in the private legal sector in the United Kingdom.
The newly appointed officials will replace Kelly T. Clements, Deputy High Commissioner; Raouf Mazou, Assistant High Commissioner for Operations; and Ruvendrini Menikdiwela, Assistant High Commissioner for Protection, whose terms are coming to an end.
Paying tribute to the outgoing leaders, Salih praised their contributions to the agency’s humanitarian mission.
“The organization owes a profound debt of gratitude to Kelly, Raouf and Ruven for their exceptional service and dedication,” he said. “Their leadership has strengthened UNHCR’s ability to protect and assist millions of displaced and stateless people around the world.”
Features
Sixth batch of Nigerians stranded in South Africa return home
The final batch of 40 stranded Nigerians evacuated from South Africa has arrived at the Murtala Muhammed International Airport (MMIA) in Lagos, bringing to a close the Federal Government’s evacuation exercise that returned a total of 1,174 citizens.
The returnees landed on Friday night aboard a chartered Air Peace flight, marking the sixth and final phase of the evacuation programme.
In a statement issued on Saturday, the Director of Media, Public Relations and Protocols of the Nigerians in Diaspora Commission (NiDCOM), Abdur-Rahman Balogun, said the exercise was carried out through six flights operated by Air Peace and ValueJet.
According to the commission, the first five batches brought home 258, 266, 262, 282 and 66 Nigerians, while the final chartered Air Peace flight evacuated the remaining 40 stranded citizens.
Balogun said the returnees expressed appreciation to President Bola Tinubu for approving the evacuation from South Africa. They also thanked the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Bianca Odumegwu-Ojukwu, the Acting Nigerian Ambassador to South Africa, Temitope Alexander-Ajayi, and NiDCOM Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Abike Dabiri-Erewa, for facilitating their safe return.
The evacuees were received at the airport by NiDCOM officials, who also announced a series of support packages from government agencies, corporate organisations and individuals.
According to the statement, Governor Hope Uzodimma of Imo State approved a grant of N1 million for each returnee from the state. Telecommunications company MTN also donated free SIM packs with N50,000 worth of data and pledged to credit each returnee’s bank account with N100,000.
Officials from the Edo and Delta State governments similarly announced assistance for their indigenes among the evacuees.
The commission added that the JAAL Foundation pledged empowerment support for 50 female returnees, while the General Overseer of Omega Power Ministries Worldwide, Apostle Dr Chibuzor Gift Chinwe, was commended for providing free accommodation for about 52 returnees, skills acquisition opportunities for their families and free education for their children up to university level.
The returnees also acknowledged Pastor Bolaji Idowu of Harvesters Church for donating N100,000 each to 66 evacuees, while real estate firm Cruxstone provided financial support to the first batch of returnees.
Balogun said officials of the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA), the National Commission for Refugees, Migrants and Internally Displaced Persons (NCFRMI), the Nigerian Immigration Service (NIS), the Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria (FAAN), the National Identity Management Commission (NIMC) and other security agencies were present at the airport to receive and document the returnees.
“The returnees were full of gratitude for the donations, support and warm welcome received,” the statement said.
Features
EU Pact offers hope for better migration management and fairer asylum systems- IOM, UNHCR
The UN Refugee Agency, UNHCR, and the UN Migration Agency, IOM have welcomed the entry into force today of the European Union’s Pact on Migration and Asylum as an opportunity to move beyond crisis-driven responses and implement a more predictable, fair and effective approach to the issues across Europe.
EU Member States should seize this moment to strengthen migration management and refugee protection while advancing solidarity and responsibility-sharing in line with European values and international obligations, the agencies’ chiefs said.
“The Pact’s entry into full effect today is an important step toward a more predictable and coherent European migration system. What matters now is steady implementation over time that is effective, humane, sustainably resourced and grounded in cooperation,” said Amy Pope, Director General of the International Organization for Migration. “The priority is turning the reforms into practical results for States, communities, and people on the move.”
The Pact aims to make EU asylum systems more efficient and consistent, offering a structured framework for Member State cooperation. This can reduce backlogs while maintaining the quality of assessments, provide greater certainty for asylum-seekers, and enable refugees to begin rebuilding their lives and contributing to their communities sooner.
“This Pact is an important step in the right direction, advancing shared responsibility and more predictable, sustainable approaches across the European Union,” said Barham Salih, UN High Commissioner for Refugees. “UNHCR stands ready to support all Member States in strengthening asylum systems – ensuring access to protection for those in need, upholding human rights and dignity, and enabling safe, lawful and dignified returns for those not in need of international protection.”
IOM and UNHCR welcome the EU’s renewed focus on partnerships with all affected countries. Reducing irregular movements means addressing root causes, ensuring access to protection, tackling smuggling networks, and enabling safe, regular pathways. The organizations will continue to support route-based approaches that ensure policies deliver on protection, dignity and shared responsibility, while contributing to sustainable solutions that benefit both countries and communities along migration routes.
UNHCR and IOM welcome several key elements of the Pact, including earlier identification of people with specific needs, strengthened legal assistance, and new independent monitoring mechanisms at external borders. Returns of those with no legal right to stay must be both effective and humane. Alongside enforcement, they should ensure access to informed voluntary return, early case management, and reintegration support, working with countries of origin, transit and first asylum as part of a balanced approach that upholds dignity and fundamental rights.
These measures can help ensure that asylum processing and return procedures are faster and fairer, reducing uncertainty for asylum-seekers while strengthening public confidence in the migration and asylum system.
UNHCR and IOM stress that implementation will be the decisive test. Procedures must be carried out with adequate safeguards to ensure that no one is returned or transferred to a situation where they may face persecution, conflict or other forms of serious harm.
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