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People living in constant fear of forced recruitment, targeted killings after brutal conflict in Catatumbo

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The Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) has disclosed that  people are living in constant fear of forced recruitment, explosive devices, targeted killings and death threats one year since an internal conflict escalated in Catatumbo, north-east Colombia.

Twelve months after the armed conflict in Catatumbo escalated sharply on the 16th January 2025, the violent territorial dispute shows no sign of abating in this volatile region bordering Venezuela. Ongoing clashes continue to claim new civilian victims and force people to flee their homes. It is estimated that 100,000 people were displaced by the violence since the escalation.

“Following a year of relentless hostilities, people in Catatumbo are losing hope. The Colombian government and the international community must step up their response, providing safe shelter, education, protection and livelihoods for the many people who continue to be affected by the deepening humanitarian crisis. Furthermore, for those seeking to return, guaranteed safety in their home communities is vital,” said Giovanni Rizzo, NRC’s Country Director in Colombia.

This emergency is shattering both the lives of Colombians, as well as vulnerable Venezuelan refugees and migrants in the region. Mirroring the world’s most brutal wars, parents here are forced to rely on their imagination to shield their children from the horror. 

“I told my children that the explosions were just toy balloons popping; I cannot bear for my son to grow up haunted by the same terror that follows me every day,” a displaced mother of four told NRC.

To prevent further suffering, NRC calls on all armed actors to immediately cease the targeting of civilians and adhere to international humanitarian law. 

“We have received reports of displaced families being forced by organised armed groups not to wear dark clothing, to prevent them from being mistaken for targets during armed clashes. Far from offering protection, these practices place civilians directly in the line of fire and increase their vulnerability,” said Rizzo. “We call on all parties to the conflict to respect the lives of civilians unconditionally and end these predatory tactics.”

The humanitarian consequences of this crisis are widespread. Hunger in the region is driven by conflict, as armed groups limit food production and force farmers to plant coca crops for illegal use. Access to safe water has reached a critical breaking point following the deliberate destruction of civilian infrastructure. Hundreds of children are being robbed of their future, unable to attend school due to direct attacks on classrooms or the trauma of forced displacement. 

“Catatumbo is currently in humanitarian intensive care. Every dollar invested today is an investment in the future stability of this fragile border region—saving the country from the far higher costs of future displacement and reconstruction,” said Rizzo.

While the number of people affected by conflict in Colombia increased threefold during 2025, only 25 per cent of the resources needed for humanitarian assistance were secured. This is not a mere consequence; it is a direct cause of more victims. “Timely or sustained aid forces families back to high-risk areas, exposing children to recruitment and coercing adults into the illicit economy, which only serves to deepen their suffering and expand the cycle of violence,” said Rizzo.

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Migrant advocate laments death of asylum seeker, condemns Libya abuses

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The Executive Director of Refugees in Libya, David Yambio, has mourned the death of a migrant whose body was recovered off the coast of Benghazi after reportedly being stranded at sea for 14 days, describing the incident as a stark reminder of the dangers faced by people fleeing conflict and persecution.

In a post on X, Yambio reflected on his own experience in Libya, saying that while detained in the North African country, he had often hoped that, if he were to die, it would be at sea rather than at the hands of violent militias.

According to him, the sea represented the only place where many migrants retained a sense of dignity, as they risked everything in pursuit of safety and international protection.

Yambio questioned what he described as a deeper humanitarian tragedy, arguing that many people seeking refuge would rather face the dangers of the Mediterranean than remain exposed to violence by armed groups in Libya.

He also criticised what he called Europe’s role in arming militias and accused African leaders of remaining silent in the face of abuses against migrants.

The activist said the photograph accompanying his post showed one of several people seeking protection who had been stranded at sea for two weeks. He noted that the man’s body, along with those of two others, was recovered off the coast of Benghazi a few days ago.

Ending his post on a poignant note, Yambio said the deceased asylum seeker had been portrayed as an “invader,” underscoring what he believes is the dehumanisation of migrants fleeing in search of safety.

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50 die as boat carrying about 60 people capsizes

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At least 50 migrants are feared dead or missing after a boat carrying about 60 people capsized off the eastern coast of Libya while attempting to cross the Mediterranean Sea to Europe, authorities have said.

The vessel overturned on Tuesday near Bardaa Island, off the coastal city of Tobruk, according to the Coast Guard in eastern Libya.

Officials said 10 passengers, including some women and children, survived by swimming to Bardaa Island. Search and rescue operations were still ongoing as authorities continued efforts to locate the remaining passengers.

The latest disaster is another in a series of deadly shipwrecks involving migrants departing from Libya, a major transit hub for people seeking to reach Europe in search of safety and better economic opportunities.

Just last month, another migrant boat sank off eastern Libya, leaving 51 people dead or missing.

Since the 2011 NATO-backed uprising that overthrew longtime ruler Moammar Gadhafi, Libya has remained politically unstable, making it a key departure point for migrants fleeing conflict, persecution and poverty across Africa and the Middle East.

Human traffickers frequently load migrants onto overcrowded and unseaworthy boats for the dangerous Mediterranean crossing, a route that has claimed thousands of lives over the years and remains one of the world’s deadliest migration corridors.

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‘Eight  people die in the Mediterranean per day’

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Sea-Watch International has announced that its rescue vessel, Sea-Watch 5, has returned to operations in the central Mediterranean after what it described as an attack by Libyan militias in May, saying it has already rescued 52 people in two separate operations.

In a post published on its verified X account, @seawatch_intl, the humanitarian organisation said 40 people were rescued on the first day of operations, followed by another 12 the next day. It added that one of the survivors, a pregnant woman, requires urgent medical care.

Sea-Watch also claimed that an average of eight people die every day while attempting to cross the Mediterranean Sea, renewing its criticism of European migration policies and rescue coordination.

The organisation accused the Italian government of assigning its rescue vessel to the northern port of Marina di Carrara, which it said is more than four days away from the rescue zone. According to Sea-Watch, the practice keeps humanitarian rescue ships away from areas where migrants are most at risk.

“To ensure that as few rescue ships as possible are in the rescue area, Italy sends us to the northern port Marina di Carrara, 4+ days away,” the group wrote, describing the decision as “cruel and irresponsible.”

Sea-Watch argued that the lengthy journey delays the disembarkation of rescued migrants and reduces the number of rescue vessels available to respond to emergencies at sea.

The organisation also directly criticised Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni over the country’s migration policies, questioning the government’s approach to search-and-rescue operations in the Mediterranean.

Italian authorities have previously defended the assignment of distant ports to humanitarian vessels, saying the measure is part of efforts to manage migrant arrivals and coordinate disembarkation procedures.

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