Features
People flee new attacks in Northern Mozambique
The first time armed men attacked Maizala Saidi’s village in Nangade district, in northern Mozambique’s Cabo Delgado province, the 39-year-old fled her home, and hid in the bush with her family for days, waiting for the insurgents to leave.
When they came back two months ago, they killed several people and looted and burned houses, including Maizala’s. This time, she walked for hours with her six children and elderly mother until they reached the safety of Lianda settlement, in Mueda district.
Maizala’s story is not unusual in northern Mozambique where for the past seven years non-state armed groups (NSAGs) have waged an insurgency – killing civilians, razing villages, forcibly recruiting boys and young men, and kidnapping women and girls. At the height of the conflict between 2021 and 2022, over 1 million people were displaced.
While many have since returned home, close to 800,000 people remain displaced, including over 100,000 forced to flee a new surge in violence in Cabo Delgado’s southern districts in February. The UN Refugee Agency, UNHCR, and its partners, together with the Government, must now balance the emergency needs of the newly displaced with the longer-term needs of those forced to remain in overcrowded settlements, while also supporting those returning to more secure parts of the province.
Creating a future for the displaced
Maizala and her family have been staying in a communal transit shelter with over 200 other forcibly displaced people since they arrived in Lianda. The settlement hosts some 10,000 people from the districts of Mueda, Nangade, Palma, Macomia and Muidumbe, with more arriving after each new attack.
“I need a small piece of land and some tools to farm here in Lianda, so that I can provide food for my children and my mother,” says Maizala. “Back home, I was a farmer and we survived, but here we do not have anything. I would also like to leave the transit centre and have a house of my own here.”
UNHCR, and its partner, Solidarités International, have built 915 shelters in Lianda since 2021, and another 100 are being built in 2024 in partnership with the authorities, but some 1,800 families still lack shelters. Like Maizala, they are currently staying in transit centres or in makeshifts structures, exposed to the wind, rain, heat and insects.
Providing longer-term assistance to the displaced in Lianda, and in other settlements in Cabo Delgado, presents a significant challenge in the face of a chronically underfunded humanitarian response. So far, only 17 per cent of the $49.3 million UNHCR needs in 2024 has been funded
“We need to go further, look beyond humanitarian aid and strengthen development investment to the country – to create conditions for lasting peace, and a viable future for the displaced and their hosts,” said UNHCR Chief Filippo Grandi during a visit to Mozambique last week. “The UN must continue to support Government efforts to meet short- and long-term needs of the people while advocating for additional support to Mozambique.”
Authorities and community leaders are working closely together to slowly transform Lianda from a settlement into a village that is integrated into surrounding communities. They are also working with aid agencies, including UNHCR, to improve livelihood and economic opportunities, such as trainings to open small businesses or develop permaculture, in most settlements for the displaced in Cabo Delgado.
In Chiure town, which received most of the newly displaced people following the February attacks, most arrivals are women and children who left everything behind when their villages were attacked. “My first priority was to gather my three children, and to flee. Everyone from the village left,” explains Elvira, 38, who found refuge at a temporary site. “I don’t want to go back there at this point. People I knew were killed; some were beheaded. I may decide to restart my life somewhere else.”
UNHCR has provided sleeping mats, blankets, mosquito nets, tarpaulin, kitchen sets, and other core relief items to over 900 families in Chiure, with more distributions planned in the near future. The agency is also distributing non-food kits to 1,500 displaced families in Namapa, in neighbouring Nampula province, in the coming weeks.
Rebuilding lives
Despite the recent attacks, security has improved in some areas. Since a military intervention by Mozambican and allied forces starting in July 2021, and the Government’s efforts to start re-establishing services, over 632,000 people have returned to their homes in Cabo Delgado, Niassa and Nampula provinces.
In the coastal town of Mocímboa da Praia, which was heavily impacted by the conflict in 2017, and again in 2020, normal life has been gradually returning since Mozambican and allied forces regained control in August 2021. Some schools, police stations and other services have reopened and about 144,000 of the town’s original 170,000 inhabitants have returned home and are starting to rebuild their lives.
Further north in Palma, which suffered a brutal attack in March 2021, most of the town’s 70,000 inhabitants have also returned, although many services are still lacking.
Accessing the few services that are available is difficult for displaced people whose documents were lost or destroyed during attacks. UNHCR has established civil documentation mobile caravans, together with the Government and local partner Catholic University of Mozambique, to issue birth certificates and national IDs that help people regain their legal identities. Thanks to the caravans, some 27,000 people have received new documents since 2021.
“Returnees need a lot of help,” says Gracilio Tiago, 49, a teacher at one of the town’s schools, whose wife was killed during the 2021 attack. “Many houses were destroyed and a lot of families are not sheltered properly. There is also a huge scarcity of potable water, a lack of medical assistance, food, jobs.”
Since returning to Palma in August 2022, Gracilio finds hope through the young people he teaches. “I tell my students they should study because without education, you are not protecting your own future.
“In a war like we faced, a lot gets lost. We don’t want war, we want peace.”
Features
UN appoints new senior leadership for UNHCR
The United Nations has announced a new set of senior appointments to the leadership of the UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR), with Secretary-General António Guterres naming Tressa Rae Finerty as Deputy High Commissioner for Refugees, Antón Leis García as Assistant High Commissioner for Operations, and Edem Wosornu as Assistant High Commissioner for Protection.
The appointments, announced on Saturday, are expected to take effect in the coming weeks.
The three officials will occupy the most senior positions within UNHCR, supporting the High Commissioner in leading the agency’s global response to the protection and assistance of refugees, stateless persons and other people forced to flee their homes.
Welcoming the appointments, UN High Commissioner for Refugees Barham Salih expressed confidence that the incoming officials would strengthen the agency’s response to the growing global displacement crisis.
“I warmly welcome these appointments and look forward to working closely with Tressa, Anton and Edem,” Salih said.
“Their leadership, experience and commitment will be invaluable as UNHCR responds to displacement challenges around the world. Together, we will work to continue strengthening protection, expanding opportunities for self-reliance and pursuing lasting solutions that help refugees rebuild their lives with dignity.”
Finerty, a career member of the U.S. Senior Foreign Service, currently serves as Chargé d’Affaires at the United States Mission to the United Nations and Other International Organizations in Geneva. She previously served as Deputy Chief of Mission in Geneva and Deputy Executive Secretary in the Office of the U.S. Secretary of State. Her diplomatic career has also included postings at the U.S. Mission to the United Nations in New York and embassies in Malaysia, Iraq, Armenia and Thailand. In addition, she has taught refugee policy at New York University and Georgetown University.
Leis García currently heads the Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation (AECID), Spain’s development and humanitarian agency. He has previously held senior positions at the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the Office of the President of the Spanish Government, and international financial institutions including the African Development Bank and the World Bank Group.
Wosornu currently serves as Director of the Crisis Response Division at the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) and chairs the Inter-Agency Standing Committee Emergency Directors Group. She has held several senior headquarters and field positions within OCHA and began her United Nations career as an intern at UNHCR before working in the private legal sector in the United Kingdom.
The newly appointed officials will replace Kelly T. Clements, Deputy High Commissioner; Raouf Mazou, Assistant High Commissioner for Operations; and Ruvendrini Menikdiwela, Assistant High Commissioner for Protection, whose terms are coming to an end.
Paying tribute to the outgoing leaders, Salih praised their contributions to the agency’s humanitarian mission.
“The organization owes a profound debt of gratitude to Kelly, Raouf and Ruven for their exceptional service and dedication,” he said. “Their leadership has strengthened UNHCR’s ability to protect and assist millions of displaced and stateless people around the world.”
Features
Sixth batch of Nigerians stranded in South Africa return home
The final batch of 40 stranded Nigerians evacuated from South Africa has arrived at the Murtala Muhammed International Airport (MMIA) in Lagos, bringing to a close the Federal Government’s evacuation exercise that returned a total of 1,174 citizens.
The returnees landed on Friday night aboard a chartered Air Peace flight, marking the sixth and final phase of the evacuation programme.
In a statement issued on Saturday, the Director of Media, Public Relations and Protocols of the Nigerians in Diaspora Commission (NiDCOM), Abdur-Rahman Balogun, said the exercise was carried out through six flights operated by Air Peace and ValueJet.
According to the commission, the first five batches brought home 258, 266, 262, 282 and 66 Nigerians, while the final chartered Air Peace flight evacuated the remaining 40 stranded citizens.
Balogun said the returnees expressed appreciation to President Bola Tinubu for approving the evacuation from South Africa. They also thanked the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Bianca Odumegwu-Ojukwu, the Acting Nigerian Ambassador to South Africa, Temitope Alexander-Ajayi, and NiDCOM Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Abike Dabiri-Erewa, for facilitating their safe return.
The evacuees were received at the airport by NiDCOM officials, who also announced a series of support packages from government agencies, corporate organisations and individuals.
According to the statement, Governor Hope Uzodimma of Imo State approved a grant of N1 million for each returnee from the state. Telecommunications company MTN also donated free SIM packs with N50,000 worth of data and pledged to credit each returnee’s bank account with N100,000.
Officials from the Edo and Delta State governments similarly announced assistance for their indigenes among the evacuees.
The commission added that the JAAL Foundation pledged empowerment support for 50 female returnees, while the General Overseer of Omega Power Ministries Worldwide, Apostle Dr Chibuzor Gift Chinwe, was commended for providing free accommodation for about 52 returnees, skills acquisition opportunities for their families and free education for their children up to university level.
The returnees also acknowledged Pastor Bolaji Idowu of Harvesters Church for donating N100,000 each to 66 evacuees, while real estate firm Cruxstone provided financial support to the first batch of returnees.
Balogun said officials of the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA), the National Commission for Refugees, Migrants and Internally Displaced Persons (NCFRMI), the Nigerian Immigration Service (NIS), the Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria (FAAN), the National Identity Management Commission (NIMC) and other security agencies were present at the airport to receive and document the returnees.
“The returnees were full of gratitude for the donations, support and warm welcome received,” the statement said.
Features
EU Pact offers hope for better migration management and fairer asylum systems- IOM, UNHCR
The UN Refugee Agency, UNHCR, and the UN Migration Agency, IOM have welcomed the entry into force today of the European Union’s Pact on Migration and Asylum as an opportunity to move beyond crisis-driven responses and implement a more predictable, fair and effective approach to the issues across Europe.
EU Member States should seize this moment to strengthen migration management and refugee protection while advancing solidarity and responsibility-sharing in line with European values and international obligations, the agencies’ chiefs said.
“The Pact’s entry into full effect today is an important step toward a more predictable and coherent European migration system. What matters now is steady implementation over time that is effective, humane, sustainably resourced and grounded in cooperation,” said Amy Pope, Director General of the International Organization for Migration. “The priority is turning the reforms into practical results for States, communities, and people on the move.”
The Pact aims to make EU asylum systems more efficient and consistent, offering a structured framework for Member State cooperation. This can reduce backlogs while maintaining the quality of assessments, provide greater certainty for asylum-seekers, and enable refugees to begin rebuilding their lives and contributing to their communities sooner.
“This Pact is an important step in the right direction, advancing shared responsibility and more predictable, sustainable approaches across the European Union,” said Barham Salih, UN High Commissioner for Refugees. “UNHCR stands ready to support all Member States in strengthening asylum systems – ensuring access to protection for those in need, upholding human rights and dignity, and enabling safe, lawful and dignified returns for those not in need of international protection.”
IOM and UNHCR welcome the EU’s renewed focus on partnerships with all affected countries. Reducing irregular movements means addressing root causes, ensuring access to protection, tackling smuggling networks, and enabling safe, regular pathways. The organizations will continue to support route-based approaches that ensure policies deliver on protection, dignity and shared responsibility, while contributing to sustainable solutions that benefit both countries and communities along migration routes.
UNHCR and IOM welcome several key elements of the Pact, including earlier identification of people with specific needs, strengthened legal assistance, and new independent monitoring mechanisms at external borders. Returns of those with no legal right to stay must be both effective and humane. Alongside enforcement, they should ensure access to informed voluntary return, early case management, and reintegration support, working with countries of origin, transit and first asylum as part of a balanced approach that upholds dignity and fundamental rights.
These measures can help ensure that asylum processing and return procedures are faster and fairer, reducing uncertainty for asylum-seekers while strengthening public confidence in the migration and asylum system.
UNHCR and IOM stress that implementation will be the decisive test. Procedures must be carried out with adequate safeguards to ensure that no one is returned or transferred to a situation where they may face persecution, conflict or other forms of serious harm.
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